Most tooth decay in children can be prevented. Prevention starts the moment the first tooth appears and continues with habits that change with the child's age. In this article we have prepared a practical age-by-age guide for parents.
Ages 0–3
- When the first tooth appears, start brushing twice a day with a soft baby toothbrush.
- Use a rice-grain-sized smear of fluoride toothpaste.
- Do not put the baby to sleep with a bottle; wipe the gums and teeth after night feeds.
- Avoid sugary drinks and honey-dipped dummies or bottles.
- Plan the first dental visit around the first birthday.
Ages 3–6
- Use a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste.
- A parent should do the brushing or always finish it; children of this age cannot clean their teeth well enough alone.
- Keep snacks limited; the risk is lower if sugary foods are eaten with main meals.
- Fluoride varnish can be applied on the dentist's advice.
Ages 6–12
- The first permanent molars come through at about age 6 and are prone to decay because of the deep grooves on their chewing surfaces. Fissure sealants on these teeth can provide protection.
- When your child starts brushing alone, check the evening brushing.
- Teach them to floss.
- Use a mouthguard for children who play sport.
- Plan the first orthodontic check-up at around age 7.
Eating habits
- Water is the most suitable drink; limit fruit juice and fizzy drinks.
- Sticky sweets, biscuits and crisps that cling to the teeth increase the risk of decay.
- Choose snacks such as cheese, yoghurt, vegetables and fruit.
- Set regular mealtimes instead of snacking all day.
Tips for building the habit
- Make brushing a routine at the same time every day.
- Use a two-minute song or a sand timer.
- Set an example by brushing your own teeth with your child.
- Do not use dental visits as a reward or a punishment.
Regular check-ups
At six-monthly check-ups, decay can be caught at an early stage, fluoride can be applied and parents can be guided. For how decay forms and its first signs, see our article on tooth decay in children.
