What is the aim of orthodontics?
The aim of orthodontic treatment is not only straighter-looking teeth. Well-positioned teeth and harmonious jaws give tooth surfaces that are easier to clean, evenly distributed chewing forces, protected gums and bone, and a comfortable bite. The aesthetic gain is often a natural result of this functional improvement.
Who is orthodontic treatment considered for?
- Crowded teeth or teeth with gaps between them
- Deep bite, open bite or crossbite
- Protruding front teeth
- A lower or upper jaw that is too far back or forward
- Teeth that have shifted back after earlier orthodontic treatment
- Cases where teeth need positioning before an implant, bridge or crown
For detailed explanations of each problem, see the orthodontic problems page.
At what age can it start?
There is no upper age limit for orthodontic treatment. However, a first orthodontic check-up is recommended at around age 7. After this check-up, most children are simply monitored; for some problems early treatment may be recommended. In adults, treatment is possible as long as the teeth and gums are healthy.
Treatment methods
| Method | How it works | Key features |
|---|---|---|
| Clear aligners | Custom-made removable aligners changed in sequence | Hard to notice, removed for eating and brushing; consistent wear needed |
| Brackets (braces) | Brackets bonded to the teeth, with wires | Does not depend on wear; more care needed with cleaning and diet |
| Lingual braces | Brackets bonded to the inner surfaces of the teeth | Not visible from outside; the tongue and speech need time to adjust |
| Appliances | Devices that guide jaw growth or produce limited tooth movement | Mostly used during growth |
For a detailed comparison of clear aligners and braces, see the clear aligners or braces? page.
How does treatment generally proceed?
- Examination and records: Intraoral and facial examination, X-rays, photos and an intraoral scan
- Diagnosis and treatment plan: Whether the problem is dental or skeletal, the options and the estimated duration
- Active treatment: Positioning the teeth and jaws with aligners, braces or appliances; regular check-ups
- Retention: A fixed wire or removable retainer to keep the result
How long does treatment take?
The duration depends on the type and complexity of the problem, age, the chosen method and the patient's cooperation. Mild cases may be completed in a few months, while comprehensive cases can take 18–24 months or longer. Your individual duration is discussed after the records have been assessed.
Oral health during treatment
Keeping the teeth and gums healthy throughout orthodontic treatment is as important as the treatment itself. Brushing at least twice a day, using floss or interdental brushes, limiting sugary food and drinks, and regular dental check-ups are recommended.