Early childhood caries is defined as decay, a filling or a tooth lost to decay in one or more baby teeth in a child under 6. It is one of the most common childhood diseases worldwide and is largely preventable.
Why is it so common?
- Baby tooth enamel is thin; decay progresses quickly.
- Children of this age cannot clean their teeth well enough on their own.
- Frequent snacking and sugary drinks are common.
- Children may fall asleep after night feeds without their teeth being cleaned.
Tips
1. Brushing is the parent's job
Even if the child wants to brush by themselves, it is recommended that a parent does or finishes the brushing until at least age 7–8. The evening brush in particular should not be skipped.
2. The right amount of fluoride toothpaste
Use a rice-grain-sized smear of fluoride toothpaste up to age 3, and a pea-sized amount from 3 to 6. After brushing, spitting out the excess is enough instead of rinsing with plenty of water.
3. Reduce how often sugar is eaten
Rather than banning sugary foods completely, limiting them to main meals reduces repeated acid attacks throughout the day.
4. Water as the drink
Water should be chosen instead of fruit juice, fizzy drinks and sweetened milk.
5. Take care with night feeds
Avoid putting your child to sleep with a bottle. If a night feed is needed, wipe or brush the teeth afterwards. For details, see our article on baby bottle tooth decay.
6. Do not share spoons or dummies
The bacteria that cause decay can pass from parent to child through saliva.
7. An early dental visit
The first visit should be around the first birthday, followed by regular check-ups. Fluoride varnish can be applied on the dentist's advice.
Early signs
Chalky white spots on the upper front teeth near the gum can be the first sign of decay. Decay spotted at this stage can often be stopped.
For age-specific advice for older children, read our article on ways to prevent tooth decay in children.
